Rock salt is very commonly used during winter all over the UK. The substance is a mixture of salt, grit and other components such as magnesium that works as an ice melter. It is often spread on our roads to keep them clear of ice and snow, and on sidewalks and footpaths to prevent slips and falls.

Despite being so common during the cold season many pet owners are not aware that rock salt can be very dangerous for pets (such as cats and dogs) if ingested. We still don’t know for sure how much needs to be eaten to cause damage but we do know that even a small amount of pure salt can lead to disease.

Most cases of affected animals happen after pets go outside for their walks and step over gritted snow or ice. Rock salt causes some level of irritation to their skin and pets will often lick the substance off their paws and fur. Ingesting rock salt can lead to a high blood sodium concentration which can cause lethargy, thirst, excessive salivation, vomiting and ultimately can lead to kidney damage, pancreatitis and seizures (fits).

If you notice any of these symptoms on your pet, contact your vet immediately. Waiting and watching is never a good idea if you suspect a pet has been poisoned as it can seriously decrease its chances of recovery.

The best way to keep pets safe is to wipe their feet and fur that may have been in contact with the gritted snow. If your pet displays any signs of discomfort after a possible contact with rock salt during one of his walks, wash the affected areas with pet-safe shampoo and warm water. Please don’t forget to dry your pet’s fur with a soft towel after washing.

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Antifreeze is very common in our homes during the winter months whether it is being used to prevent water from freezing inside our household pipes or to de-ice our cars in the morning. This substance is also present in most motor vehicle antifreezes and it is also found in some screen washers.

The problem with antifreeze is one of its components, a substance called ethylene glycol. This substance is extremely toxic for pets, particularly cats, and even if ingested in small amounts it can rapidly lead to kidney failure and death.

Antifreeze poisoning is one of the most common types of poisoning in small animals and statistics show that 90% of cats that swallow antifreeze will die.

Usually cats will come across antifreeze when it leaks from car engines into the ground. Cats that spend a significant amount of time outdoors will often hide under cars and sometimes they might even crawl into the car’s engine in search of warmth and shelter. A few drops of antifreeze will quickly form a small puddle which is usually the only liquid around that is not frozen. Cats, dogs and even wild animals might find it and drink it.

Symptoms of ethylene glycol poisoning can appear up to 12 hours after ingestion. Pets will often display difficulties walking, appearing wobbly, almost like if they were drunk and many will become more vocal. As time goes by the symptoms can evolve to depression, lethargy, increased thirst and urination, vomiting and seizures (fits). After 24 hours it is very likely for your pet to be suffering from acute renal failure and their chances for recovery are very poor.

If you recognise any of these symptoms or if you suspect your pet may have ingested antifreeze please do not hesitate and contact your vet immediately. Your pet’s chances of recovering depend on how soon he or she receives treatment!

We recommend all owners to be very careful when using and disposing of used antifreeze. Please make sure you always keep it away from your pets and immediately clean any spills that may happen by accident.
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